What is instrumental exchange?
The person integrates or relates conflicting individual interests to one another through instrumental exchange of services, through instrumental need for the other and the other’s goodwill, or through fairness giving each person the same amount.
What is the instrumental purpose of exchange?
Individualism, instrumental purpose, and exchange is the second stage in Kohlberg’s model. At this stage, individuals pursue their own interests but also let others do the same. Thus, what is right involves an equal exchange. People are nice to others so that others will be nice to them in return.
What are the 3 levels of moral development?
The three levels of moral reasoning include preconventional, conventional, and postconventional.
What are the 6 stages of Kohlberg?
Kohlberg’s 6 Stages of Moral Development
- The full story. …
- Stage 1: Obedience and punishment. …
- Stage 2: Self-interest. …
- Stage 3: Interpersonal accord and conformity. …
- Stage 4: Authority and maintaining social order. …
- Stage 5: Social contract. …
- Stage 6: Universal ethical principles. …
- Pre-conventional level.
What is the meaning of individualism and exchange?
Stage 2 (Individualism and Exchange): At the individualism and exchange stage of moral development, children account for individual points of view and judge actions based on how they serve individual needs.
What is universal ethical principle orientation?
According to Kohlberg, the sixth and final stage of moral development is the universal ethical principle orientation. At this stage, universal and abstract values such as dignity, respect, justice, and equality are the guiding force behind the development of a personally meaningful set of ethical principles.
What is social contract and individual rights?
The social contract allows individuals to leave the state of nature and enter civil society, but the former remains a threat and returns as soon as governmental power collapses.
What are the 5 stages of moral development?
- Introduction.
- Theoretical framework. Level 1: Preconventional level. Stage 1: Punishment/obedience orientation. Stage 2: Instrumental purpose orientation. Level 2: Conventional level. Stage 3: Good Boy/Nice Girl orientation. Stage 4: Law and order orientation. …
- Basic tenets of Kohlberg’s theory.
- Measurement of moral development.
How many stages are in Piaget’s theory?
four stages
Piaget’s four stages of intellectual (or cognitive) development are: Sensorimotor. Birth through ages 18-24 months. Preoperational.
What is Piaget’s theory of moral development?
Overall Piaget describes the morality of the older child as an autonomous morality i.e. a morality that is subject to its own laws. The change is partly seen as a result of the child’s general cognitive development partly due to declining egocentrism and partly to the growing importance of the peer group.
What is collectivism vs individualism?
Collectivism is the principle or practice of prioritizing group cohesion over individual pursuits. On the other hand, individualism is a value or political view which focuses on human independence and freedom.
What is an example of collectivism?
Collectivist Societies
Having strong families and friendship groups is important in these societies and people may sacrifice their happiness or time for the benefit of someone else or for the greater good of a group. Countries such as Portugal, Mexico and Turkey are examples of collectivist societies.
Why is Kohlberg’s theory important?
pointed out that Kohlberg’s theory of moral development overemphasizes the concept as justice when making moral choices. Other factors such as compassion, caring, and other interpersonal feelings may play an important part in moral reasoning.
Was Kohlberg nature or nurture?
Kohlberg believed that thoughts develop based on physical maturation of the brain therefore the theory believes believes gender is nature. However he may have overestimated Nature as children pick up from the environment which may have caused heir understanding to develop.
Which level you are in Kohlberg’s moral development?
Kohlberg identified three levels of moral reasoning: pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional.
What is Kohlberg’s dilemma?
Kohlberg defined moral reasoning as judgements about right and wrong. Hisstudies of moral reasoning are based on the use of moral dilemmas, orhypothetical situations in which people must make a difficult decision.
Is it OK to steal to save a life?
Would you steal to save a life? Yes, indeed. Fighting for justice is the right thing to do, even if that means breaking the law.
Would anything be different if Heinz didn’t love his wife?
Does it make a difference in what Heinz should do whether or not he loves his wife? Yes, he should even if he doesn’t love her. It makes no difference.
Does Heinz have the right to steal drug?
Stage five (social contract orientation): Heinz should steal the medicine because everyone has a right to choose life, regardless of the law. OR Heinz should not steal the medicine because the scientist has a right to fair compensation. Even if his wife is sick, it does not make his actions right.
Should the husband Heinz have done that steal the drug cure for his dying wife )? Why should he or why should he not?
Heinz should not steal the drug because it is the disobedience of law. Heinz can steal the drug but should be punished by the law. Heinz can steal the drug and no law should punish him.
When asked if Heinz should steal the drug to save his wife’s life?
“For one thing, a human life is worth more than money, and if the druggist only makes $1,000 he is still going to live, but if Heinz doesn’t steal the drug, his wife is going to die.”
Should Brown report what he saw?
Should Brown report what he saw? Brown should report what he saw because his duty is to protect and make sure all laws are being abided by his duty is not to determine whether a crime is ethical or not.
What sentence should the judge give Heinz once he was caught?
YES: The judge should sentence Heinz to jail. Stealing is against the law. He should not make exceptions even though Heinz’ wife is dying.
Should Heinz have stolen the drug Brainly?
Explanation: Stage six (universal human ethics): Heinz should steal the medicine, because saving a human life is a more fundamental value than the property rights of another person. OR Heinz should not steal the medicine, because others may need the medicine just as badly, and their lives are equally significant.
Should Heinz have broken into the lab to steal the drug for his wife Why or why not?
Should Heinz have broken into the laboratory to steal the drug for his wife? Why or why not? It is only worth $200 and not how much the druggist wanted for it; Heinz had even offered to pay for it and was not stealing anything else. He will consequently be put in prison which will mean he is a bad person.
What technique did Kohlberg use?
Kohlberg relied on a method of vignettes. He wrote up scenarios that involved a moral dilemma and presented them to his research subjects. He asked people what they would do in each situation and then asked them to explain the reasoning behind their decision.
What is the moral dilemma of the Heinz case?
a story about an ethical dilemma faced by a character named Heinz that was used by Lawrence Kohlberg to assess the moral reasoning skills of those he asked to respond to it. Having exhausted every other possibility, Heinz must decide whether to steal an expensive drug that offers the only hope of saving his dying wife.